TAWNG RAL HLAUHAWM ZINGAH MIZO TAWNG!! ENG TIN NGE KAN TIH TAK ANG?

                    -Zomawia Khiangte
   
Khawvelah hian tawng chi hrang hrang 7,000 vel awma hriat a ni a. Chung zinga tawng chi 300 vel chauh chu khawvel mipui zaa 95 ten an hmang mek a. Khawvel mipui chanve hmawkte hian tawng chi 16 chauh an hmang a ni.

    Khawvel tawng chi hrang hrang zinga 40% lai maite chu tunah hian ral mai thei dinhmunah an ding mek a, chungte chu ‘endangered Language’ emaw ‘moribund language’ an ti a; chung zingah chuan Mizo tawng pawh an rawn telh a ni. Mizo tawng rawn telhtute chu United Nations Education, Sceintific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) te an ni a, 2016 kumah khan an rawn telh a ni. Kum 2100 ah chuan tuna khawvela tawng hman mek 50% - 90% te chu hmangtu mumal awm tawh loh avangin a bo vek dawn niin an sawi a ni.
    UNESCO hian tawng ral hlauh thawnawm 2,473 a tarlang a, chungte chu an hlauh thawnawm dan azirin chi 5 ah a then a, hetiangin:

1. Vulnerable - Heng tawng hmangtute hi an fate zawng zawng deuhthawin an la hmang vek a, mahse hmanna hmun deuh an nei bik a. Anmhni Inah leh an tawng hmang ve tho an thiante zingah an hmang a, hmun danga an vahchhuah chuan tawng dang an hmansan daih thin. Hemi group-ah hian Mizo tawng pawh an rawn telh a ni.

2. Definitely endangered - 
A hmangtute fate leh an tuten pianpui tawng (mother tongue) an tih ang tak hian inah an zir tawh lo. An titi zawng zawng deuh thawah tawng dang an hmang tawh.

3. Severely endangered - 
Heng tawng hmangtute hi an pi leh pute chauh an ni a. An faten an hmanpui tawh lova, mahse an la hrethiam a. An tute ngat phei chuan hman chu sawi loh an hrethiam tawh lo hrim hrim a ni. An tuten tawng dang an hmansan vek tawh a ni.

4. Critically endangered - Heng tawng la hmangtu naupang berte chu an pi leh pute an ni daih tawh. An fate leh an tute phei chuan an hmang tawh lovin an hrethiam tawh meuh lo. Tin, a hmangtu berte pawh hian an hmang reng bik tawh lova, a chang chang chauhvin an hmang tawh a ni. A hmangtu awm chhunte an thih hun hunah a ral mai dawn a ni.

5. Extinct - A tawng hmangtu leh hrethiamtu dam an awm tawh lo.

Mizo tawng a ral ang em? 
    UNESCO hian Mizo tawng hmangtute hi mi 529,000 awm mek angin a ziak a. Tawng ral hlauhthawnawm a telh zingah South Italian hian hmangtu a la ngah ber a, 7500,000 (Nuai 75) an la awm. Chuti chung chuan a ral mai hlauhthawnawm zingah a telh ve tho a ni. Tuna Mizo tawng hmang mektu tam berte hi chuan Mizo tawng hi a ral mai kan ring lem lo a ni mai thei. Mahse, tuna kan rilru sukthlek hi chik taka thlir chuan a ral mek a ni tih kan hre thei ang. A chhan chi hrang hrang lo sawi ila-
 
  i) Mizo tawng thumal a thang lo: Mizo tawng thumal hi a thang lo em em a. Kan neih sa kan tithi nasa bawk si a, tawng hluihlawn tawh (obsolete word) kan ngah em em a, thu mal chher thar lamah thangtharte kan tuan a fum hle.

   ii) Hnam dang tawng ( a bik takin sap tawng) kan kan zir a, hei hian keimahni tawng min hmuhsittir a, kan rilru sukthlek dik loh avangin thangthartten mahni tawng ngei kan hmusit tullh tulh.

   iii) 8th Schedule-ah kan tawng a awm loh avangin a hlu lo zo vek a ni a tih theih bawk.

Hma lak dan tur hmanhmawhthlak:
    Mizo tawng hi a ral loh kan duh tak tak chuan hengte hi kan ti ngei tur a ni-

1. Loan Words ngah a ngai: Hnam nunphung lo danglam zelin loh theih lohvin kan thumal tam tak min hluihlawntir a. Chutih mek laiin kan nunphung tharah hian thumal thar leh tawng thar kan chher chhuah zung zung a ngai. Hnam dang tawng atangin Mizo tawng thumal chher chhuah lamah kan chak a ngai.Chutiang chu ‘loan words’ an ti.
    Sap tawng pawh hi a tirtea an tawng hman chu a awm tawh meuh lo. Hun harsa tam tak an paltlang a, hnam dangten rei tak takte an awp a, chungah pawh chuan bo thak lovin a damkhawchhuak zel a ni. Hnam dangte tawng kha anmahni tawngah an lam thiam dan ang zelin an chher lut zel a, tawng hausa tak a lo ni ta mai a ni. Tam tak chu Greek leh Latin atanga an kaih lek a ni a. Sap tawng thumal 80% vel zet hi chu hnam dang atanga an lak (Loan words) a ni. Chuti chung chuan English an la ti ve tho a, a hming putu a la ni zel.
    Mizo tawng pawh hi hnam dang tawngin min chiah hneh hle mah se, hengte hi keimahni hmui mila kan lo kaihlek a, kan thumala kan seng luh nghauh nghauh ngam hunah kan tawng chu a lo par vul leh dawn     a ni.
    Entirnan, Fench thumal ‘abjurer’  chu ‘abjure’  an ti then a, Latin thumal ‘pictura’ tih chu an lam thiam danin ‘picture’ an ti leh mai a, chutiang zelin hnam dang tawng kha an lam thiam dan angin an tawngah an seng lut zel a, an hmang hreh lo bawk a, tichuan tawng hausa tak a lo ni ta mai a ni.
    Keini pawh sap tawng thumal thenkhat, Mizo tawnga awm lem lo entirnan ‘committee’ tihte pawh hi ‘kawmiti’ tiin ziak ila, kan lam thiam vek si a, Mizo tawng a ni nghal mai. Chutiang zelin thumal dang pawh. Hetianga kan tih loh chuan kan tawng hi zawi zawiin a ral tial tial mai dawn a ni.

2. A pahnihnaah chuan keimahni leh keimahni kan inhmuhsit loh a tul. Chu chu a thu ringawta tih theih pawh a ni lova, ei leh bar leh khawtlang nunphung hrim hrimah hnam dangte hmuh pawha zahpuiawm lo kan nih a ngai. Chuti a nih loha hma sawn loa kan awm reng chuan thangthate chuan Mizo hi an hmusit tho tho ang. Linguist-ho chuan ‘Mahni hmuhsitte tawng tumahin an zir duh lo’ an lo ti a. Mizo hi Mizo ngei tan pawha hmuhsittawm (mahni leh mahni hi a inhmuhsit theih tak tak a nia) a nih chuan mahni tawng ngei pawh ni se thangtharten an ngaisang lo ang a, an zir tha peih ngai lovang. Tichuan a a ral tial tial dawn a ni.