RUIHHLO KAN DO DAN THLAK A NGAI TAWH EM? –
Dr. Chawnglungmuana
Tunhnai khan National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) leh Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment (MSJE) buatsaihkawp “High Level Interdepartmental Meeting on Drug Use and HIV”, New Delhi a neih ah ka telve a. Hetiang ang level meeting hi a hmain vawihnih lai ka lo tel tawh bawk a. MSJE hnuaia National Institute of Social Defence (NISD) hmalakna, AIIMS nena India rampum a ruihhlo hmansual chungchang zirchianna an neih report chu an chhawpchhuak a. Chumi report aṭanga a lan dan chuan Zu hmansual chungchangah India average (14.6%) aiin kan hniam daih mai a (7.8%), North-East ah phei chuan Meghalaya chiah kan hnuaiah an awm. Chutihlaiin Trip/Ganja hmansual lamah erawh a sang lamah parukna(3.2%) kan ni daih a, India average hi 1.2% a ni thung. Opioid Drugs kan tih mai zinga hmansual nasat ber Heroin hmangsual phei chu India ram average 0.70% a nih laiin Mizoram kan sang ta ber a, 6.90% kan ni dawrh mai. (Internet-ah a download theih – Magnitude of Substance Use in India 2019)
Ruihhlo, a bikin drugs, chutah pawh Heroin hmansual leh ngawlvei (an research ṭawngkam hmandanah tak phei chuan Quantum of Work) lama Mizoram kan sang ber hi a veiawm hle mai. Ruihhlo vanga kan buaina hi a rei tawh hle mai a, 1980 chho aṭang khan kan buaipui chho a, tuna a landanah chuan buaina benvawn (endemic problem) a ni ta ber e. Engatinge heti taka ruihhlo vanga kan buai tih hi a chhan a tam thei awm e. Ruihhl siam chhuahn hmunpui ber Golden Triangle kan hnaih vang leh Heroin tawlhna kalkawngpui kan nih vang te hi a ni pakhat thei a, ruihhlo a tam a, a tlawm bawk si chua nharsatna nei chu kan tam lo thei lo. Chutih ruala kan hriat tur chu Supply tam tur chuan a mamawhna Demand a sang tihna a ni bawk. Kan naupang leh ṭhalaite ruihhlo ṭhat lohna kan inzirtir tawk lo a ni thei a, kan khawtlang kalphung leh inrelbawl dan a fel tawk lo a ni thei bawk. Ruihhlo-a sumdawnna hi a hlawk em a, kan dang chat thei lo a ni ber. Chuvangin Demand awm tlem mahse a Supply tutehian Demand an siam chawp thei bawk; chumi tichiangtu chu tunhnai street peddler (khawlaia ruihhlo zuar) te hian a ti ve ngai lo naupang zawk te a thlawna pek an ching thar hi a ni.
Ruihhlo hmansual hian ken tel a nei tam khawp mai a, chu chu Comorbidities an ti a. Hriselna a khawihpawi te, sum leh pai lam tlakranna a thlen dan te, khawtlang ralmuan lohna a thlen te, dan palzutna leh khawtlang pawikhawihna a thlen te hi a tam hle. Ruihhloin chiu an chin vanga hri ṭha lo darh nasat dan te hi ngaihtuah chian a ngai hle. HIV&AIDS tam lamah India ramah kan sang ber a, Hepatitis C hi tuna a landanah chuan ruihhlo inchiu ṭhinte zinga 80-90% laimai hian an pai a, ruihhlo ti ve lo zingah a darh ṭan mek bawk (HIV ang tho in). Kan ramah ruihhlo ngawlveite enkawlna a awm nual a, mahse a mamawhtute mamawhna a phuhruk zo lo nasa hle. Jail lam nise engtik lai mai pawh hian 40-50% vel hi ruihhlo leh a kaihhnawih vanga tâng an ni bawk. Ruihhlo ngawl veite enkawl nana sum leh pai, tha leh tui kan sen hi a tam hle tawh mai. Chutih laiin kar kal ta mai khan kan CM hovin CYMA lamin ruihhlo an man ṭhahnem tak mai an halral thu kan hmu leh bawk. Kan in man reng a, ruihhlo tite lahin an mamawh zat an sum neih dan azirin lei tur an hmu reng bawk. Sorkar kuta innghat ngawt chi chu kan ni lo nasa a ni tih a hriat; Excise & Narcotic Dept hian an zo lo tih a hriat reng.
Drugs supply reduction lama kan hmalakna hi tha thlah chi a ni hauh lo; theihtawp kan chhuah zel tur a ni. Drugs hmanga sumdawngte hi an in-upgrade nasa hle a, a dotute lam pawh kan system leh operational guidelines kan upgrade a ṭul thei ang. Tunhmaa drugs tawlh ṭhinte kha tunah chuan an in organize ṭha ta hle mai; man an tawh pawha “aiawh jail tang” tur nen lam an intodelh tawh a ni. Narcotic Control Bureau (NCB)-in tracking system an hmante pawh hi zir chian a chi hle ang. Chutiang bawkin ruihhlo vanga hri ṭha lo darh zel tur venna lama hmalakna MSACS in a kalpui mek (Harm Reduction) hi mipuiin kan support a ṭul hlebawk. MSACS thawhpui NGO te hmalakna hi a pawimawh em em mai a, khawtlang hriselna a hril a, chuvangin khawtlang tlawmngai pawl leh kohhrante nena thawhhona ṭha a awm phawt chuan an hnathawh a chak ngei ang.
Demand reduction (mamawh tih tlem) lama hmalakna lai tak hi mipui tam zawkin kan la hriatthiam tawk loh, pawimawh em em si a ni. Ruihhlo ngawl veina hi thluaknatna benvawn lang chhuak leh ṭhin (chronic relapsing brain disorder) a ni a, chu chu khawvel mithiam zawkte pawm dan pawh a ni. A enkawl danah pawh mithiam zawkten guidelines an siam hi a theih chin chinah kan zawm ve zel a pawimawh hle. Drug dependence treatment hi damdawi hmanga enkawl te (pharmacotherapy), nungchang thlak danglam zawnga enkawl te (behavioural therapy), rilru lam buatsaih zawnga enkawl (psychotherapy) te a mamawh vek a, a enga mah hi lak pen a, a mala result ṭha nei thei a ni lo. Chuti chung chung chuan natna enkawl kawnga success rate nei chhe ber pawh a la ni reng. Sakhaw dang betute pawh hian an buaipui ve viau mai a, Buddhist ho te pawh hian an monastery ah ruihhlo ngawl vei an enkawl fo mai a, ‘chain’-in an thlung bet a, an hel tuartir hial ṭhin. Mahse an hlawhtlinna erawh a chau ve viau tho.
Ruihhlo kan hmansual common ber Heroin hi Opioid drugs a ni a, chumi ngawl veite enkawlna atana damdawi him zawk hmanga treatment – Opioid Substitution Treatment (OST) hi enkawl dan tha em em mai a ni a. Damdawi man to tak a ni a, an taksaa damdawi chambang ṭhuahfaina atana hman theih (Detoxification treatment) a ni a, he damdawi Buprenorphine hmang hian Detox hnu-ah Maintenance treatment a pek leh theih bawk. Ruihhlo an nghei vanga chiri (withdrawals) hrehawm tak tak te a control a, a nih dan tur ang taka hman anih chuan a ṭha em em a ni. Vanneihthlak takin AIDS Control program hnuaiah MSACS hian NGO leh Govt Hospital behchhanin he OST damdawi hi a mamawh te tan a thlawnin a pe a, mi tam takin he treatment hmang hian hma an sawn mek bawk.
Mahse Rehab Home lamah erawh MSJE hnuai an nih avangin he OST damdawi hi an dawng ve lova, chu tak chu a tira kan rawn tarlan NACO leh MSJE thawhhona hian rawn thuam ṭhat a tum tur zinga mi chu a ni a, a lawmawm em emna chhan a ni bawk.
Ruihhlo ngawl vei enkawl kawngah hian Detox leh Maintenance treatment te hi hmunkhatah chuan an pe kawp fo mai. Rehab Home tam zawk hian chutiang chu an kalpui dan a ni bawk. Mahse Behavioural leh Psychotherapy te pe tel tur hi chuan mithiam, a bik takin qualified medical professional (Psychiatrist) leh counselor (Clinical Psychology) te a mamawh a, chu tak chu Rehab Home lama kan tlakchham a ni. Hetiang service a awm loh chuan khung khawm ngawt mah ila, an lo chhuah hnuah a tam ber chu an nun ngaiah bawk an let leh mai thin. Heng treatment bakah hian After-care treatment a la pawimawh leh zel a. Nunphung pangngaia an let leh theihna tura enkawlna an dawn a pawimawh a, eizawnna ngaihtuahpui te pawh a ṭul tel bawk a ni. Heng zawng zawng service pe tur hian a thawktu lam an indaih a ṭul em em a, Home enkawl hi a hautak ngang reng a ni.
Facebook lamah te leh news ṭhenkhat ah kan sorkarin Social Rehabilitation Board a din thu leh, ruihhlo ngawlvei enkawlna a ngaih pawimawh thu te, Seṭhawn lamah enkawlna hmun changkang tak din an tum thute ka lo chhiar a. He Board hian hma a lak dan turah ram changkang zawkten an kalpui dan te zir chiang hmasa se, Central sorkar hmalak tum dan te pawh hi ngaihven se, ruahmanna fel tak nen ruihhlo kan do dan tur hi duang se ka ti hle mai. Kan hmalak tawh dan te zir chian a, kan hlawhtlin leh hlawhchhamna lai te enfiah ni se, ṭha zawka hma kan lak theih dan tur a duan chhuah theih ngei ka ring. Ruihhlo kan do dan kalphung ah hian pawimawhna nei – Dept. hrang hrang (Home, Social Welfare, Health) te leh NGO te ṭang tlang ṭhapa an thawhho a pawimawh hle dawn a ni. Ruihhlo la ti ve lo te venhim kawngah (Prevention) pawh Education Dept lam leh Kohhrante an pawimawh hle bawk ang. Hemi kawngah hian nasa zawka hma kan lak a ṭul hle.
Kan sawrkarin ruihhlo vanga kan buaina a ngai pawimawh hi lawmawm ka ti hle mai a, Ṱhahnemngaih thuhla-ah ka han ziak ve ta duah a ni.
Dr. Chawnglungmuana
Tunhnai khan National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) leh Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment (MSJE) buatsaihkawp “High Level Interdepartmental Meeting on Drug Use and HIV”, New Delhi a neih ah ka telve a. Hetiang ang level meeting hi a hmain vawihnih lai ka lo tel tawh bawk a. MSJE hnuaia National Institute of Social Defence (NISD) hmalakna, AIIMS nena India rampum a ruihhlo hmansual chungchang zirchianna an neih report chu an chhawpchhuak a. Chumi report aṭanga a lan dan chuan Zu hmansual chungchangah India average (14.6%) aiin kan hniam daih mai a (7.8%), North-East ah phei chuan Meghalaya chiah kan hnuaiah an awm. Chutihlaiin Trip/Ganja hmansual lamah erawh a sang lamah parukna(3.2%) kan ni daih a, India average hi 1.2% a ni thung. Opioid Drugs kan tih mai zinga hmansual nasat ber Heroin hmangsual phei chu India ram average 0.70% a nih laiin Mizoram kan sang ta ber a, 6.90% kan ni dawrh mai. (Internet-ah a download theih – Magnitude of Substance Use in India 2019)
Ruihhlo, a bikin drugs, chutah pawh Heroin hmansual leh ngawlvei (an research ṭawngkam hmandanah tak phei chuan Quantum of Work) lama Mizoram kan sang ber hi a veiawm hle mai. Ruihhlo vanga kan buaina hi a rei tawh hle mai a, 1980 chho aṭang khan kan buaipui chho a, tuna a landanah chuan buaina benvawn (endemic problem) a ni ta ber e. Engatinge heti taka ruihhlo vanga kan buai tih hi a chhan a tam thei awm e. Ruihhl siam chhuahn hmunpui ber Golden Triangle kan hnaih vang leh Heroin tawlhna kalkawngpui kan nih vang te hi a ni pakhat thei a, ruihhlo a tam a, a tlawm bawk si chua nharsatna nei chu kan tam lo thei lo. Chutih ruala kan hriat tur chu Supply tam tur chuan a mamawhna Demand a sang tihna a ni bawk. Kan naupang leh ṭhalaite ruihhlo ṭhat lohna kan inzirtir tawk lo a ni thei a, kan khawtlang kalphung leh inrelbawl dan a fel tawk lo a ni thei bawk. Ruihhlo-a sumdawnna hi a hlawk em a, kan dang chat thei lo a ni ber. Chuvangin Demand awm tlem mahse a Supply tutehian Demand an siam chawp thei bawk; chumi tichiangtu chu tunhnai street peddler (khawlaia ruihhlo zuar) te hian a ti ve ngai lo naupang zawk te a thlawna pek an ching thar hi a ni.
Ruihhlo hmansual hian ken tel a nei tam khawp mai a, chu chu Comorbidities an ti a. Hriselna a khawihpawi te, sum leh pai lam tlakranna a thlen dan te, khawtlang ralmuan lohna a thlen te, dan palzutna leh khawtlang pawikhawihna a thlen te hi a tam hle. Ruihhloin chiu an chin vanga hri ṭha lo darh nasat dan te hi ngaihtuah chian a ngai hle. HIV&AIDS tam lamah India ramah kan sang ber a, Hepatitis C hi tuna a landanah chuan ruihhlo inchiu ṭhinte zinga 80-90% laimai hian an pai a, ruihhlo ti ve lo zingah a darh ṭan mek bawk (HIV ang tho in). Kan ramah ruihhlo ngawlveite enkawlna a awm nual a, mahse a mamawhtute mamawhna a phuhruk zo lo nasa hle. Jail lam nise engtik lai mai pawh hian 40-50% vel hi ruihhlo leh a kaihhnawih vanga tâng an ni bawk. Ruihhlo ngawl veite enkawl nana sum leh pai, tha leh tui kan sen hi a tam hle tawh mai. Chutih laiin kar kal ta mai khan kan CM hovin CYMA lamin ruihhlo an man ṭhahnem tak mai an halral thu kan hmu leh bawk. Kan in man reng a, ruihhlo tite lahin an mamawh zat an sum neih dan azirin lei tur an hmu reng bawk. Sorkar kuta innghat ngawt chi chu kan ni lo nasa a ni tih a hriat; Excise & Narcotic Dept hian an zo lo tih a hriat reng.
Drugs supply reduction lama kan hmalakna hi tha thlah chi a ni hauh lo; theihtawp kan chhuah zel tur a ni. Drugs hmanga sumdawngte hi an in-upgrade nasa hle a, a dotute lam pawh kan system leh operational guidelines kan upgrade a ṭul thei ang. Tunhmaa drugs tawlh ṭhinte kha tunah chuan an in organize ṭha ta hle mai; man an tawh pawha “aiawh jail tang” tur nen lam an intodelh tawh a ni. Narcotic Control Bureau (NCB)-in tracking system an hmante pawh hi zir chian a chi hle ang. Chutiang bawkin ruihhlo vanga hri ṭha lo darh zel tur venna lama hmalakna MSACS in a kalpui mek (Harm Reduction) hi mipuiin kan support a ṭul hlebawk. MSACS thawhpui NGO te hmalakna hi a pawimawh em em mai a, khawtlang hriselna a hril a, chuvangin khawtlang tlawmngai pawl leh kohhrante nena thawhhona ṭha a awm phawt chuan an hnathawh a chak ngei ang.
Demand reduction (mamawh tih tlem) lama hmalakna lai tak hi mipui tam zawkin kan la hriatthiam tawk loh, pawimawh em em si a ni. Ruihhlo ngawl veina hi thluaknatna benvawn lang chhuak leh ṭhin (chronic relapsing brain disorder) a ni a, chu chu khawvel mithiam zawkte pawm dan pawh a ni. A enkawl danah pawh mithiam zawkten guidelines an siam hi a theih chin chinah kan zawm ve zel a pawimawh hle. Drug dependence treatment hi damdawi hmanga enkawl te (pharmacotherapy), nungchang thlak danglam zawnga enkawl te (behavioural therapy), rilru lam buatsaih zawnga enkawl (psychotherapy) te a mamawh vek a, a enga mah hi lak pen a, a mala result ṭha nei thei a ni lo. Chuti chung chung chuan natna enkawl kawnga success rate nei chhe ber pawh a la ni reng. Sakhaw dang betute pawh hian an buaipui ve viau mai a, Buddhist ho te pawh hian an monastery ah ruihhlo ngawl vei an enkawl fo mai a, ‘chain’-in an thlung bet a, an hel tuartir hial ṭhin. Mahse an hlawhtlinna erawh a chau ve viau tho.
Ruihhlo kan hmansual common ber Heroin hi Opioid drugs a ni a, chumi ngawl veite enkawlna atana damdawi him zawk hmanga treatment – Opioid Substitution Treatment (OST) hi enkawl dan tha em em mai a ni a. Damdawi man to tak a ni a, an taksaa damdawi chambang ṭhuahfaina atana hman theih (Detoxification treatment) a ni a, he damdawi Buprenorphine hmang hian Detox hnu-ah Maintenance treatment a pek leh theih bawk. Ruihhlo an nghei vanga chiri (withdrawals) hrehawm tak tak te a control a, a nih dan tur ang taka hman anih chuan a ṭha em em a ni. Vanneihthlak takin AIDS Control program hnuaiah MSACS hian NGO leh Govt Hospital behchhanin he OST damdawi hi a mamawh te tan a thlawnin a pe a, mi tam takin he treatment hmang hian hma an sawn mek bawk.
Mahse Rehab Home lamah erawh MSJE hnuai an nih avangin he OST damdawi hi an dawng ve lova, chu tak chu a tira kan rawn tarlan NACO leh MSJE thawhhona hian rawn thuam ṭhat a tum tur zinga mi chu a ni a, a lawmawm em emna chhan a ni bawk.
Ruihhlo ngawl vei enkawl kawngah hian Detox leh Maintenance treatment te hi hmunkhatah chuan an pe kawp fo mai. Rehab Home tam zawk hian chutiang chu an kalpui dan a ni bawk. Mahse Behavioural leh Psychotherapy te pe tel tur hi chuan mithiam, a bik takin qualified medical professional (Psychiatrist) leh counselor (Clinical Psychology) te a mamawh a, chu tak chu Rehab Home lama kan tlakchham a ni. Hetiang service a awm loh chuan khung khawm ngawt mah ila, an lo chhuah hnuah a tam ber chu an nun ngaiah bawk an let leh mai thin. Heng treatment bakah hian After-care treatment a la pawimawh leh zel a. Nunphung pangngaia an let leh theihna tura enkawlna an dawn a pawimawh a, eizawnna ngaihtuahpui te pawh a ṭul tel bawk a ni. Heng zawng zawng service pe tur hian a thawktu lam an indaih a ṭul em em a, Home enkawl hi a hautak ngang reng a ni.
Facebook lamah te leh news ṭhenkhat ah kan sorkarin Social Rehabilitation Board a din thu leh, ruihhlo ngawlvei enkawlna a ngaih pawimawh thu te, Seṭhawn lamah enkawlna hmun changkang tak din an tum thute ka lo chhiar a. He Board hian hma a lak dan turah ram changkang zawkten an kalpui dan te zir chiang hmasa se, Central sorkar hmalak tum dan te pawh hi ngaihven se, ruahmanna fel tak nen ruihhlo kan do dan tur hi duang se ka ti hle mai. Kan hmalak tawh dan te zir chian a, kan hlawhtlin leh hlawhchhamna lai te enfiah ni se, ṭha zawka hma kan lak theih dan tur a duan chhuah theih ngei ka ring. Ruihhlo kan do dan kalphung ah hian pawimawhna nei – Dept. hrang hrang (Home, Social Welfare, Health) te leh NGO te ṭang tlang ṭhapa an thawhho a pawimawh hle dawn a ni. Ruihhlo la ti ve lo te venhim kawngah (Prevention) pawh Education Dept lam leh Kohhrante an pawimawh hle bawk ang. Hemi kawngah hian nasa zawka hma kan lak a ṭul hle.
Kan sawrkarin ruihhlo vanga kan buaina a ngai pawimawh hi lawmawm ka ti hle mai a, Ṱhahnemngaih thuhla-ah ka han ziak ve ta duah a ni.
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