BRU
By HC Vanlalruata
Principal correspondent, PTI
Mizovin ‘Tuikuk’ kan tih, Tripura-a Bengali hovin ‘Reang’ an tih, tunhnaia anmahni’n ‘Bru’ an intih tâk avanga ‘official’ taka Bru tia kan koh takte hi Mizoram hian a buaipui rei ta hle mai a. A hnam pum ang deuh thàwa hmun danga pêm chhuak (displaced) an nih miau avangin, sorkar laipui bakah mihring chanvo humhalhtu pâwl lamte thlengin an ngaihven hle bawk a. Kan thupui kan luhchilh hma-in ‘Tuikuk’ tih hi ţawngchhia leh inhmuhsitna lam a ni hranpa lo tih hi hriat a ţha hle a.
An sawi dan chuan Mizo thlangtla hmasate khan an zu hmuhin “Eng hnam nge in nih?” tiin an zawt a (Hmar nge, Lusei nge, Paite emaw em ni in nih tihna a ni àwm e). Anni chuan hrethiam lovin “Enge in tih dawn?” an ti emaw tiin “Tui kuk nai” (ka inbual dawn) tiin an lo chhâng a (tui hi tui an ti ve tho a ni àwm e). Chutah chuan “Tuikuk hnam an nih hi” an ti a, ‘Tuikuk’ tiin an vuah hlen ta a ni, an ti.
Bru ho vânga harsatna hi kan sawi tamin Mizo tam tak, a bul a bál, a phuk a phak hre chiang mang si lova, hnam hrang an nihna-a Bru hote lo haw ve êm êm an tam viau a. An huatzia pawh social media lama ziaka ‘hate comment’ kan tih ang chi a insŭmkâr hauh lova ti ta bawrh bawrh pawh hmuha chhiar peih a thu a ni mai. He’ng ho hian an rilru hniam leh chhiatzia bâk an mualphò lova, Mizo hnam hmai an timâwk tel bawk a, mahni rama hnam tlêm zawkte chunga hleilen ching kan ang ta êm êm a.
Sihţhiang khua-a Presbyterian kohhran hruaitu Upa Manik-a’n Tripura-a a pĕm ve loh chhan a sawifiahna-a, “A pawi ka sawi lohva kut min thlâk duhtu tŭr Mizo ka la hmu ve lo,” a tih te ang kha an thaichhe nasa hle a ni – hetiang ho hian.
Mizorama awm Bru hnam harsatna (political problem) hi tunhma deuh fê aţanga lo inţan tawh a ni a. He hnam hi an ram (homeland) dik tak chu, Tripura hi niin an chanchin zir mite chuan an sawi a, Mizo thawnthu-a Reng Lal Raja (Maharaja of Twipra/Tiperrah) khua leh tui ni ţhin kha an ni a. History ziaktute’n an ziah dan chu – “Reangs (known in Mizoram as Brus) are one of the 21 scheduled tribes of the Indian state of Tripura. The Bru can be found all over the Tripura state in India. However, they may also be found in Mizoram and Assam. They speak the Reang dialect of Bru language which is of Tibeto-Burmese origin and is locally referred to as Kau Bru.” Heta chiang tak chu Tripura-a tlángmi 21 zing ami an ni tih a ni a, tlángmi zingah Tripuri tih lohva hnam tam ber an ni a, kum 1971 chhiarpui khân Tripura-ah 64,722 an awm a ni.
Buaina lo chhuahna bul tak hi kum 1994-a din Bru National Union (BNU)-in kum 1997 September ni 23 leh 24-a Mamit district-a Saipuilui khua-a an inkhâwmpui aţanga hriat ţan a ni a. He BNU inkhâwmpui-ah hian palai 400 vêl an kal a, an zĩngah hian Tripura lam mi pawh an tam hle. Inkhâwmpui palaite chuan Mizoram hmar thlanglam ram sâtthla a, Bru hnam puala autonomous district council hran neih an ngiat thu an puang a, chu chuan Mizo mipui, a bĩkin khawthlang lama awm MZP hruaitute a ti lâwm lo hle a.
Police report aţanga a lan dan chuan hetihlai hian (khatihlaia) BNU hruaitu R. Laldawngliana leh A. Sawibunga Riang te bâkah Bru Students Association (BSA) President Bruno Msha te chuan Bru hote chu Mizoram chhuahsan thuai a, Tripura a chhuk tura hriattirin khaw hrang hrang hotute hnenah lehkha pawh an pe a. An lo invaukhân lâwk tawh avang hian, MZP boruak awm hma pawh hian chhungkaw ţhenkhat chu an pêm thla tawh niin Police report-ah târlan a ni. (The Bru Crisis in a Nutshell - ziaktu L.T. Hrangchal, khatih laia Mamit district SP, phek 5-na).
Hetihlai hian Police-te paw’n an la hriat lohvin hel pâwl – Bru National Liberation Front (BNLF) chu a lo ding tawh a. A dintu zinga langsâr zualte chu Vanlalliana, Romawia leh A. Bidaia te an ni a, anni hi kum 1997-98 inkâr khan paihthlâk niin, Lalhmingthanga chu Army Chief-a dah a ni a, ani leh a hote pawh paihthla lehin Assam-a Riflemara khaw mi, Surjomoni Reang chu hotu berah a awmzui ta a ni. BNLF hian October ni 21, 1997 khan Dampa Tiger Reserve venhim hna thawktu Forest Guard Pu Lalzawmliana chu Persâng khaw bulah an kâphlum a, hei hian mi tam tak thin a ti-ur hle a. October ni 19 leh 21 inkâr khân Tuirum, Khamráng, Falkawn, Hnahthialzáwl leh Damparengpui khuate chu BNU hruaitute hian tlawhin Tripura-a pêm tŭrin an vau tawh niin Police-te chuan an sawi.
Mipui thinrimin October ni 24 khan Tuipuibari khua-a Bru ho in rauhsan ţhenkhat chu an hâl a, hemi hnu hian BNU chuan Mizote chu an puh chhe hle a. A kimchangin kan sawi sêng dawn lova, Union Home Minister leh National Human Rights Commission-ah hêkna an thehlut a. Khaw 41-a in 1,391 Mizote’n an hăl ni-a an puha a hmuna kala an enfiah chuan an puhna-a khaw 11 (Mualţhuam, Mualkawi, Sêrhmun, Bâwngva, Phaizau, West Phŭlpui, Chuhvêl, Chhĩppui Kăwnmawi, Maubuang, Lungmawi leh Zamuang)-ah te hian in pakhatmah a kâng lova, in kâng zat pawh hi khaw 16-a in 325 a ni zawk a. Bru nula 44 pâwngsual, Bru mi 8 Mizo kuta tualthi tihte leh puhna dang dang pawh chhuichian hnu-ah dâwt vek a ni tih hmuh chhuah a ni. (The Bru Crisis in a Nutshell phek 8-na).
Hetianga kan han sawi duahna hian chhan a nei a. BNU hruaitute hian a tak takah hian Mizoram chhunga anmahni puala Autonomous District Council hrang neih hi an duh leh an rilru-a an tum tak tak a nih loh hmel. A chhan chu Bru ho hi Mizoram aţang chauhva chhuakin Tripura-ah an pêm tlat lova, Surjomoni Reang te anga Assam aţanga relief camp-a pemlŭt engemawzât an awm a, Tripura-a awm nghet zĩngah pawh mahni in leh lo kalsana relief camp-a lŭt an awm tih hi sorkar chhinchhiahna (record)-ah a lang.
Chuvangin an tum ber chu Tripura hmar lam (North Tripura district)-a Bru hnam tam zawk lo awm nghet sa te zuk belhchhah a, helai biala Riangram (Reang land) din ni ngeiin a lang - Tripura tlângmi hnam zinga a tam ber dawttu an lo ni sa bawk a. Chu ngei chu tuna an dinhmun leh sũkthlêk hian a tilang chhuak a, relief camp 6-a awm chhŭngkaw tam ber, politics ngaihtuahna thŭk tak nei lem lote chuan an pawisa dawn tur hisâpin lokĩr an châk êm êm a, mahse, an hruaitute khuan an kĩr bĩk lohna tŭrin kum 22 chhŭng chu ţan an la char char chu a nih hi.
Tŭna Tripura relief camp-a awm Bru hote hi an lo zĩkchhuahna leh an ram (homeland) dik tak chu Tripura khu a ni a, chuti chung chuan Mizoramah hian engemawzât chu kum engemawzât inbêngbelin an inthlah pung tawh a. Mizoram mi-a pawmtu kan kohhran tirhkohte pawhin luhchilhin a tam ber chu Kristian-ah an siam tawh a ni. Kum 1960 hmalam kha chuan Mizoramah hian Bru hnam hi tih tham an la awm lova, hnam bil 1,000 awm chin zingah pawh tarlan an nilova, kum 1971 chhiarpui-ah erawh chuan Bru ho hi Mizoramah 9,828 an awm ni a chhinchhiah a ni. (shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in › bitstream by JK Patnaik).
Bru hnam chungchang leh politics chingchivêt, Mizoram aţanga pém chhuakte avanga harsatna awm chungchâng (Bru imbroglio) hi chiang tak leh uluk taka kan ngaihtuah a ngai a, rilru no leh pâwngpaw thinrim ngawta thil kan thlĩr loh a fuh ang. Pakhatna-ah chuan hnam pakhat aţanga tam tham fé mai, state danga pêm a, in leh lo chhuahsan (displaced) an nih phawt chuan sorkar laipui bâkah mimal/hnam chanvo humhalhtu pâwl tawh phawt chuan an ngaihven a, an ngaihsak a ngai tlat a ni tih hi kan hriatthiam a ngai.
Chuvâng tak chuan relief camp-a Bru awm te hi Tripura lama an pĕm hma-a an awmna, Mizorama hruaikĩr tŭrin sorkar laipui hian theihtâwp a chhuah a, hruaikir tura beihna kal mêk hi a vawi 9-na a ni a, sorkar laipui chuan a tâwp ber tŭr niin a sawi mek a nih hi. Sorkar laipui hian sum leh pai a sêng hnem tawh hle a, Mizoram leh Tripura sorkar pawhin thá leh zung a sêng hnem tawh hle bawk.
Sorkar laipuiin cheng vaibelchhe 350 zet a sènna tŭr, tuna Bru hruai kir hna kal mêkah hian Mizorama kĩr duh tak tak an awm laiin, a tam ber chu khapbeh an ni a, kĩr ngam lo khawpa vaubeh an awm leh ngei dawn bawk a. Chuvangin Mizoram sorkar hian thu rolùm a neih a hun hle tawh a ni. Hruaikĩr tum vawi 10-na nghah kher a ţul tawhin a lang lo. October ni 3 aţanga Zirtawpni thleng khan chhungkaw 190 vel an lokir tawh a, a tam ber chu a rŭk-a-râla sorkar lirthei hmang lova an duh thu-a lokirte an ni.
Hei hi thil awmdân a nih avângin tŭn ţuma lokir lo zawng hi chu an ram (homeland) dik tak zâwk, Tripura-ah hian châm hlen mai rawh se, tih hi Mizoram sorkârin tawlh hauh tawh lo tura sorkar laipui a hrilh hun a ni ta. Râltlân an ni lova, India ram Tripura state-ah hian an duhdan ang ngeiin inbêngbel tawh rawh se, chu chu an duhdân ngei a ni tih an hnam hruaitute (a bĩk takin Mizoram Bru Indigenous Democratic Movement general secretary Philip Apeto) pawhin October ni 3-a relief camp a kal chanchinbu mite (keimah tiamin) an hrilh dân a ni. An duhdân hi sorkar laipui leh Mizoram sorkar pawh hian zahsak ngei rawh se. A lokir duh lo zawng hi chu an ram (homeland) Tripura, an hnampui tam zawk an khawsakna-ah khuan ram pe-in inbenbel tir ni ngei rawh se.
Mizote hi hàw hàw leh bulúk taka thiltih chĩng leh rilru no leh phŭr hlut rilru kaihhruaia chêt kan chĩng fo ţhĩn. Kan hriat reng tur chu – kan duh emaw duh lo emaw, India mi kan ni kan ti emaw ni lo kan ti emaw – India ramah kan awm a, India-in a khua-leh-tuia a pawm kan ni. India ramah hian hnam tlêm zâwk leh hnufual, tlângmi kan nih avangin kawng tam takah hlahthlema a bĩka hna hauhsak (concession leh reservation) kan ni.
Chutianga keini pawh enkawl kan nih ang chiah chuan Mizoram chhũnga kan khawsakpui hnam tlêm zâwk, Bru, Gorkhali, Chakma leh a dangte hi duat taka enkawla an chanvo diktak chantĩr hi a hnam tam ber Mizote mawhphurhna a ni tih kan hriatreng a ngai. Hemi kan sawi avang hian dân kalha Mizorama ramdangmi lo lutte kan huam tel lo tih erawh chu kan hrethiam ang chu maw.
